How Climate Change affects the agricultural sector

In today's era, climate change has emerged as a global issue. Climate change is not a concept associated with any country or nation, but it is a global concept, which is becoming a cause of concern for the entire earth. If seen, climate change has increased the crisis of drought, flood, agrarian crisis and food security, diseases, migration etc in the entire world including India. However, a large number of India (about 60 percent of the population) is still dependent on agriculture. Also, it is good for its effect, due to which it becomes very important to see the consequences of climate change on agriculture.

According to the Global Climate Risk index 2021, India is in the top ten top countries affected by climate change. The changing conditions of climate are affecting agriculture the most. Because, in the long run, it depends on seasonal factors like humidity, temperature and rainfall etc. Therefore, in this article we will tell you how climate change affects agriculture.

Climate change has led to a significant decline in production  

World agriculture is facing a severe decline in this century due to global warming. According to the inter -government panel (IPCC) on climate change, the total impact of climate change on global agriculture will be negative. However, some crops will also benefit from it, but the total effect of climate change on crop productivity will be more negative than positive. In India it is expected that between 2010-2039 there will be a fall of production about 4.5 per cent to 9 per cent. According to a research, if the average temperature of the atmosphere rises by 1 ° C, it can reduce wheat yield by 17 percent. Similarly, due to increase in temperature by 2 degrees, paddy production is also likely to be reduced by 0.75 tonnes per hectare.

There has been a significant reduction in cultivable land  

Due to climate change, the high latitude of temperature and sliding will adversely affect the agriculture sector in low latitude regions. India's water sources and reserves are shrinking intensely, so the farmers will have to select modern methods and crops that reduce water consumption, leaving traditional irrigation methods. The melting of the glacier can lead to a long reduction in the water harvesting area of various large rivers, which may have to go through waterlogging in agriculture and irrigation. According to a report, the quality of three -fourth of the land of the earth has been reduced due to pollution, land loss and drought due to climate change.

Climate change increases temperatures.

Due to climate change, the temperature has increased in the last several decades. Since the beginning of industrialization, the temperature of the Earth has increased by about 0.7 degrees Celsius. There are some plants that require a special temperature. The increase in temperature of the atmosphere has adverse or negative effects on their production. Such as wheat, mustard, barley and potato etc. These crops require low temperatures. At the same time, the increase in temperature proves harmful for them. Similarly, due to increase in temperature, crops like maize, tide and paddy etc can be eroded. Because, due to high temperature, these crops do not produce grain or make it less. In this way, the increase in temperature adversely affects these crops.